Phytophthora infestans Sporangia Produced in Culture and on Tomato Leaflet Lesions Show Marked Differences in Indirect Germination Rates, Aggressiveness, and Global Transcription Profiles.
Identifieur interne : 000604 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000603; suivant : 000605Phytophthora infestans Sporangia Produced in Culture and on Tomato Leaflet Lesions Show Marked Differences in Indirect Germination Rates, Aggressiveness, and Global Transcription Profiles.
Auteurs : William E. Fry [États-Unis] ; Sean P. Patev [États-Unis] ; Kevin L. Myers [États-Unis] ; Kan Bao [États-Unis] ; Zhangjun Fei [États-Unis]Source :
- Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI [ 0894-0282 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- croissance et développement : Phytophthora infestans, Sporanges.
- génétique : Phytophthora infestans, Sporanges.
- parasitologie : Lycopersicon esculentum.
- physiologie : Phytophthora infestans, Sporanges.
- Transcriptome.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- genetics : Phytophthora infestans, Sporangia.
- growth & development : Phytophthora infestans, Sporangia.
- parasitology : Lycopersicon esculentum.
- physiology : Phytophthora infestans, Sporangia.
- Transcriptome.
Abstract
Sporangia of Phytophthora infestans from pure cultures on agar plates are typically used in lab studies, whereas sporangia from leaflet lesions drive natural infections and epidemics. Multiple assays were performed to determine if sporangia from these two sources are equivalent. Sporangia from plate cultures showed much lower rates of indirect germination and produced much less disease in field and moist-chamber tests. This difference in aggressiveness was observed whether the sporangia had been previously incubated at 4°C (to induce indirect germination) or at 21°C (to prevent indirect germination). Furthermore, lesions caused by sporangia from plates produced much less sporulation. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that thousands of the >17,000 P. infestans genes with a RPKM (reads per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads) >1 were differentially expressed in sporangia obtained from plate cultures of two independent field isolates compared with sporangia of those isolates from leaflet lesions. Among the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs), putative RxLR effectors were overrepresented, with almost half of the 355 effectors with RPKM >1 being up- or downregulated. DEGs of both isolates include nine flagellar-associated genes, and all were down-regulated in plate sporangia. Ten elicitin genes were also detected as DEGs in both isolates, and nine (including INF1) were up-regulated in plate sporangia. These results corroborate previous observations that sporangia produced from plates and leaflets sometimes yield different experimental results and suggest hypotheses for potential mechanisms. We caution that use of plate sporangia in assays may not always produce results reflective of natural infections and epidemics.
DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-09-18-0255-TA
PubMed: 30480479
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
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Fry</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patev, Sean P" sort="Patev, Sean P" uniqKey="Patev S" first="Sean P" last="Patev">Sean P. Patev</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Myers, Kevin L" sort="Myers, Kevin L" uniqKey="Myers K" first="Kevin L" last="Myers">Kevin L. Myers</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bao, Kan" sort="Bao, Kan" uniqKey="Bao K" first="Kan" last="Bao">Kan Bao</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>2 Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University.</nlm:affiliation><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fei, Zhangjun" sort="Fei, Zhangjun" uniqKey="Fei Z" first="Zhangjun" last="Fei">Zhangjun Fei</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>2 Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University.</nlm:affiliation><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI</title><idno type="ISSN">0894-0282</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Lycopersicon esculentum (parasitology)</term><term>Phytophthora infestans (genetics)</term><term>Phytophthora infestans (growth & development)</term><term>Phytophthora infestans (physiology)</term><term>Sporangia (genetics)</term><term>Sporangia (growth & development)</term><term>Sporangia (physiology)</term><term>Transcriptome (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Lycopersicon esculentum (parasitologie)</term><term>Phytophthora infestans (croissance et développement)</term><term>Phytophthora infestans (génétique)</term><term>Phytophthora infestans (physiologie)</term><term>Sporanges (croissance et développement)</term><term>Sporanges (génétique)</term><term>Sporanges (physiologie)</term><term>Transcriptome (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="croissance et développement" xml:lang="fr"><term>Phytophthora infestans</term><term>Sporanges</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Phytophthora infestans</term><term>Sporangia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Phytophthora infestans</term><term>Sporangia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Phytophthora infestans</term><term>Sporanges</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Lycopersicon esculentum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitology" xml:lang="en"><term>Lycopersicon esculentum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Phytophthora infestans</term><term>Sporanges</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Phytophthora infestans</term><term>Sporangia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Transcriptome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Transcriptome</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Sporangia of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> from pure cultures on agar plates are typically used in lab studies, whereas sporangia from leaflet lesions drive natural infections and epidemics. Multiple assays were performed to determine if sporangia from these two sources are equivalent. Sporangia from plate cultures showed much lower rates of indirect germination and produced much less disease in field and moist-chamber tests. This difference in aggressiveness was observed whether the sporangia had been previously incubated at 4°C (to induce indirect germination) or at 21°C (to prevent indirect germination). Furthermore, lesions caused by sporangia from plates produced much less sporulation. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that thousands of the >17,000 <i>P. infestans</i> genes with a RPKM (reads per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads) >1 were differentially expressed in sporangia obtained from plate cultures of two independent field isolates compared with sporangia of those isolates from leaflet lesions. Among the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs), putative RxLR effectors were overrepresented, with almost half of the 355 effectors with RPKM >1 being up- or downregulated. DEGs of both isolates include nine flagellar-associated genes, and all were down-regulated in plate sporangia. Ten elicitin genes were also detected as DEGs in both isolates, and nine (including INF1) were up-regulated in plate sporangia. These results corroborate previous observations that sporangia produced from plates and leaflets sometimes yield different experimental results and suggest hypotheses for potential mechanisms. We caution that use of plate sporangia in assays may not always produce results reflective of natural infections and epidemics.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">30480479</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>16</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0894-0282</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>32</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>May</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Mol Plant Microbe Interact</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle><i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Sporangia Produced in Culture and on Tomato Leaflet Lesions Show Marked Differences in Indirect Germination Rates, Aggressiveness, and Global Transcription Profiles.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>515-526</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1094/MPMI-09-18-0255-TA</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Sporangia of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> from pure cultures on agar plates are typically used in lab studies, whereas sporangia from leaflet lesions drive natural infections and epidemics. Multiple assays were performed to determine if sporangia from these two sources are equivalent. Sporangia from plate cultures showed much lower rates of indirect germination and produced much less disease in field and moist-chamber tests. This difference in aggressiveness was observed whether the sporangia had been previously incubated at 4°C (to induce indirect germination) or at 21°C (to prevent indirect germination). Furthermore, lesions caused by sporangia from plates produced much less sporulation. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that thousands of the >17,000 <i>P. infestans</i> genes with a RPKM (reads per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads) >1 were differentially expressed in sporangia obtained from plate cultures of two independent field isolates compared with sporangia of those isolates from leaflet lesions. Among the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs), putative RxLR effectors were overrepresented, with almost half of the 355 effectors with RPKM >1 being up- or downregulated. DEGs of both isolates include nine flagellar-associated genes, and all were down-regulated in plate sporangia. Ten elicitin genes were also detected as DEGs in both isolates, and nine (including INF1) were up-regulated in plate sporangia. These results corroborate previous observations that sporangia produced from plates and leaflets sometimes yield different experimental results and suggest hypotheses for potential mechanisms. We caution that use of plate sporangia in assays may not always produce results reflective of natural infections and epidemics.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fry</LastName><ForeName>William E</ForeName><Initials>WE</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7604-0330</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Patev</LastName><ForeName>Sean P</ForeName><Initials>SP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Myers</LastName><ForeName>Kevin L</ForeName><Initials>KL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1 Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bao</LastName><ForeName>Kan</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2 Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fei</LastName><ForeName>Zhangjun</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2 Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>22</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Mol Plant Microbe Interact</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9107902</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0894-0282</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018551" MajorTopicYN="Y">Lycopersicon esculentum</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000469" MajorTopicYN="N">parasitology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055750" MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora infestans</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058432" MajorTopicYN="N">Sporangia</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D059467" MajorTopicYN="Y">Transcriptome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2019</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30480479</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1094/MPMI-09-18-0255-TA</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Ithaca (New York)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Cornell</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Fry, William E" sort="Fry, William E" uniqKey="Fry W" first="William E" last="Fry">William E. Fry</name></region><name sortKey="Bao, Kan" sort="Bao, Kan" uniqKey="Bao K" first="Kan" last="Bao">Kan Bao</name><name sortKey="Fei, Zhangjun" sort="Fei, Zhangjun" uniqKey="Fei Z" first="Zhangjun" last="Fei">Zhangjun Fei</name><name sortKey="Myers, Kevin L" sort="Myers, Kevin L" uniqKey="Myers K" first="Kevin L" last="Myers">Kevin L. Myers</name><name sortKey="Patev, Sean P" sort="Patev, Sean P" uniqKey="Patev S" first="Sean P" last="Patev">Sean P. Patev</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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